hotchkiss



(No Model.) 4 Sheets- Sheet 1. Z. P. HOTCHKISS.

PRINTING TELBGRAPHY.

No. 403,472. Patented May 14, 1889.

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4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

Z. P. HOTCHKISS.

PRINTING TBLEGRAPHY. l

No. 403,472. Patented May 14, 1889.

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N. PETERS. mammogram wmmgwn. D. C.

(No Model.)

4 sheets-sheet 3. Z. P. HOTCHKISS.

PRINTING TELBGRAPHY.

No. 403,472.. Patented May 14, 1889.

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(No Model.) 4 SheetS-Sheet 4.

Z. P. HOTGHKISS.

PRINTING TELEGRAPHY.

No. 403,472. Patented May 14, 1889.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OEEIcE.

ZEROY P. HOTCHKISS, OF OAK PARK, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-FOURTH TOCARLOS J. VIARD, OF SAME PLACE.

h PRINTING TELEGRAPHY.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 403,472, dated May 14,1889. Application filed February 1l, 1888. Serial No. 263,699. (Nomodel.)

To all whom, it may concern: screwed to the base of the relay and to the55 Be it known that I, ZEROY P. HOTCHKISS, a connecting-bar of thecoils.

citizen of the United States, residing at Oak 14 is an armature pivotedat 27 5 17, an in- Park, in the county of Cook. and State of Illisulatedadjustable set-screw passing through 5 nois, have invented a certain newand useful the adjustment-post 40.

Improvement in Telegraphic Printing Ma- G2 is a screw also passingthrough the ad- 6o chines, which is fully set forth in the ollowjustment-post 40 and insulated at its point. ing specification, referencebeing had to the is an adjustment-spring attached to aracc-ompanyingdrawings, in whicl mature 14 and to a branch of the post 40.

ro Figure 1 is a descriptive iigure of the elec- 5G is the permanentmagnet of a polarized tric mechanism for operating my improved main-linerelay, to which the polarized arma- 65 telegraphic printing-machine-Fig. 2 is a side ture 55 is pivoted at 57. elevation of my telegraphicprinting-machine 57% is a setsscrew to hold the negative coil embodyingmy invention. Fig. 3 is a cross- S and the positive coil 10 in position.

i 5 section of the same, taken on the line 1 1 of 58 is an adjustableinsulated set-screw pass- Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a similar view taken on theing through the post 58:1 59 is a like screw 7o line 2 2 of Fig. 2. Fig.5 is a detail section passing through the same post. taken on the line 33 of Fig. 4, showing por- 18 represents the wire of the local circuittions of the operating' mechanism. Fig. G is and its connections. Itstarts at set-screw 17,

2o a plan section. taken. on the line 4 4 of Fig. 2. and by wire 1Spasses through the coils of the Fig. 7 is a detail section of a portionof the local. magnets 19, then bywire 1S to the insu- 75 ratchet-wheel30, showing pin 105. Fig. S is lated set-screw 5S, and as the polarizedarmaa detail plan view of the shitting device at ture 55 during thisoperation is in contact the righthand end of the printing-machine. withset-screw 5S) the current then passes Fig. 9 is a cross-section of thesame. through the pivot-screw 57, and by wire Gl to i Like numbers referto like parts in all the the local battery 2S, and then by wire 1S into8o drawings. the binding-post 25, and terminates in the My inventionrelates to the printing in full armature 14. of all the words, gures,and characters of a 41 represents connected wires, whichstart 3otelegram while the same is being received from the screw in theadjustmentpost'42f,

through thepinstrument at the station to which is insulated from post40, and termi- 85 which the telegram is sent. It has for its obnate atthe pivot-point of the governing-lever jects to print telegrams plainly,after the escapcment 39, passing successively through manner ol' thetype writers now in use, to the coils 42 of the local magnets and thelocal 3 5 do this from the senders station, and to do it battery 47. 4lhas a branch wire, GO, termi* immediatelythat is, to receive and print anating at setserew 59. The lever 39 is pro- 9o telegram at the sametime, turning it out of vided with platinum points GS at its extreme themachine ready for delivery.- It has for end, which are screwed in it atright angles another object economy. Skilled operators for the purposeof contact with like points at n 4o may be dispensed with for receivingtele the ends of screws passing through the posts grams, since in usingmy machine nothing is 42% and 64. 95 to be done at the receiving-stationexcept in G7 represents a local wire passing from the sert in themachine the paper on which the screw of the adjustment-post G4,insulated message is to be printed and remove it therefrom at G6, to andthrough the local mag- 45 from after the printing is don e. nets 68, themetallic connection G74- into the I will now proceed to describe indetail the wire 41, and so on to and through the local roo constructionand operation of the mechanism battery 47 back to the pivotpoint of thegovwhereby my invention is carried into eiect, erning-escapement 39. andwill then set forth what I claim as novel 6l is a wire leading from thellocal battery 5o therein. 23 to the pivot-screw 57 of armature 55.

Referring again to thc drawings, 1 repre 76 is ahorizontal l framedesignedto support 105' A sents the maindine wire 5 2, the mainline thelocal mechanism. This is bent around binding-posts; 4, the coils of amain-line neu the wheels SO and E30-.5. 125 125 are uprightA tral relaysupported by the post 3, which is standards screwed to this frame. 127is the main shaft rigidly attached to these standards.

30 is a ratchet-Wheel with forty-eight teeth at equal distances uponits'periphery. This Wheel is secured to the type-bearing wheel 30%. Uponthe outer edge of the latter wheel are attached forty-six flat springs,128, to the free end of which are attached the forty-six type-printingcharacters 129, (shown hereinafter,) and each character occupies a spaceequal to that of a tooth on the wheel 30. Corresponding to the other twoteeth of the fortyeight teeth on wheel30 (which two teeth are ninetydegrees apart) are two blank spaces on Wheel 30%.

87 105 113 are pins or studs projecting from the side of theratchet-wheel 30.

35 is a spring-pawl pivoted to the Wheel 30.

86 is a hat coiled spring, one end of which is attached to the mainshaft 127 and the other end to the wheel 30% by the screw 130.

90 is a ring ratchet-wheel secured to wheel 30% by screws passingthrough the slotted lugs 158. This wheel 90 has upon its opposite side apin, 93, which passes through the slot 92 in the wheels 30 and 30%.

32 is a ratchet-wheel with eight teeth in its outer edge equal distancesapart. Secured to this ratchet-Wheel is a smaller ratchet-wheel, 32%,with teeth corresponding to those of wheel 32. In the side of thissmaller ratchetwheel are four pins, 53, in a circle and equal distancesapart.

85 is a longer pin or stud attached to the ratchet-wheel 32%, and towhich is attached one end of a light Hat coiled spring, 83, the.

l other end of this spring being attached to the main shaft 127.

84 is a rigid arm 'attached to the frame 7 6, and at its upper end bentin hook form to engage With the pin 85.

33 is a spring-pawl pivoted to a post, 131, which is rigidly attached toa lug, 132, of the frame 76.

19 19 are coils of local magnets, of Wellknown construction, attachedrigidly to the frame 75.y To cross-bars on this frame, at 133, ispivoted, by the adjustable set-screws 134, the armature 28, of usualconstruction.

137 137 are adjustable set-screws attached to the frame 7 5, to regulatethe distan ce which the armature 28 can move. The springpaWls 29 and 31are attached to armature 28 by any well-known device. v

42 42 are coils of local magnets of the same resistance in ohms as arethose of 19 19, and are of well-known construction. They are supportedby the frame 75. 49 is the armature of these coils bent and pivoted tothe frame 7 5 by the set-screws 158%.

139 is an adjustable set screw passing through t-he armature 49.

140 is a part of the frame 75, through which the set-screw 141 passes,which regulates the distance that the armature 49 can move.

50 is a lever pivoted to the lug 132 of the frame 75. Pivoted to thislever at a right angle is the spring-pawl 51. Attached to the oppositeend of this` lever is a retractingspring 52, secured to the frame 7 5. j

68 68 are the coils of local magnets of the same electrical resistanceas those previously described. They are supported by the frame 75. 73 isthe armature of these coils, and is pivoted to the frame 75 by theset-screw 74.

144 -is an adjustable set screw passing through the armature 73.

. 145 is a portion of the frame 7 5, through which the adjustableset-screw 146, passes.

143 is a retracting-spring attached to the armature 73 and to theadjustable set-screw 147, which passes through a portion of the frame 75.

102 is a stop-arm slotted at one end, where it is pivoted to the frame75 by the pin 148..

114 is a lug attached to and projecting be-V low the stop-arm 102, and142 is a similar lug projecting above the stop-arm 102 for the purposeof acting against the retractingspring 150. At the front end of thestop-arm 102 is pivoted an upright arm, 107, curved around theratchet-wheel 32, and at its upper end bent at a right angle to the sameplane as the stop-arm 102.

108 is a short projection at a right angle on the upper bent end of 107.

100 is arectangular metallic bar supported by screws 101 passing intoits ends through the frame 76. This bar passes through the lugs 99 99 ofthe papercarriage, so as to permit them to slide upon it. Upon the topof these lugs is fastened the ratchetebar 96. The ink-ribbon 79 is'fastened to threaded nuts 7 9%, and is covered on its lower surfacewith printing-ink. Through these nuts pass screws 151 151, which havebearings in the socket-sleeves 152 152, which are fastened at one sideto the lugs 99 99. printed upon is under the ink-ribbon and its sidespass into slots prepared therefor on the inner sides of the lugs 99.

82 is a bar fastened at aright angle'to the armature 73. At the rear endof 82 is pivoted the pawl 77, which engageswith theratchetwheel 78,which is secured to the stub-shaft 78%. At the Vfront end of 78% issecured a spoke printing-Wheel, 81,Which acts upon the type 129. 78% isjournaled in the frame 76, as shown in Fig. 4. On the front end of 82 ispivoted a link-arm, 88, and at the lower end of 88 it is pivoted to asimilar arm, 88%, which is sleeved upon the shaft 7 8%, and at the rearof this sleeve 88% project lugs, to which the spring-pawl 95 ispivoted,which engages with the ratchet-teeth of the bar 96, which barforms a part of the paper-carriage. At the other end of 88% is pivoted aspring-pawl, 89, which acts upon the ring ratchet-Wheel 90 to disengagethe pawl 35 and permit the type- Wheel to return to its normal position.

91 is an arm projecting from the framework 76, as shown in Figs. 5 and6. The inner or front end of the same is wedge-shaped to engage With asimilar projection on the spring-pawl 89, for the purpose of disengag-The paper to be.

IOO

IIO

ing the paivl. S9 from the ring ratchet-Wheel 90 on its return motion,as shown in Fig. 5. On armature 7 3 is a vertical right-angled projection for the purpose of disengaging pawl 33; also, from 7 projects asimilar arm, 61, which is so constructed as to be brought to the left ofthe type-Wheel 39g-, and then bent at a right angle in an upwarddirection to disengage the pawl 29.

On the paper-carriage, at the rear of the right-hand lug 99, (shown inFig. 6,) is secured a wedge-shaped piece, 10G, to engage with the lug114, attached to the stop-arm 102, as shown in the same iigure,whichmoves the arm 102 to the lett, as shown in Fig. 3, a slight distance.Journaled into the lug 99 is the shaft 112. On this at each end aresecured the spur-Wheels 110, and also is journaled the lever 135, and atone end of 112 is pivoted a spring-pawl, 13G, to engage with one ot' theteeth on the spur-wheels 119. Attached to the other end of 135 is alight spring', 137, which is secured to the lug 99, for the purpose ofkeeping the lever 135 in a horizontal position and the spring-pawl 136in contact with one of the spurs of wheel 110. At the end of the lever135 and in the rear ot` the paWl 13G is secured a Wedge-shaped piece,142, engaging with a similar piece, 152, which is secured to thc Yframe7U.

159 is a spring-stop secured to the lower end of one of the lugs 99 forthe purpose of restraining the spur-whecl 110 from a backward motion.

Having described my mechanism, I now proceed to show how it operated soas to utilize my invention.

Then a positive unit-pulsation of electricity passes `from a niainbattery through the main-line wire 1, and by Way of the mainbinding-posts 2, the coils of the neutral relay 4, the negative andpositive magnets 8 and 10 of the polarized relay, out again toward thenext station, such pulsation of electricity in charging the neutralrelay 4 attracts its armature 14 until, overcoming the resistance of thespiral spring 15, its platinum point 1G strikes the insulated adjustableset-screw 17, which is also platinuni-tipped. This closes a localcircuit through the local Wire 1S into one coil of the local magnets 1919, and from this coil to the other by the connectingwire, from thelatter coil by wire 1S, insulated set-screw 58, and (as the polarizedarmature 55 is in contact during this operation) through the pivotscreW57, Wire (51, local battery 23, and Wire 13 to the local binding-post25, thence to the pivot set-screw 27, thence through the armature 14 tocomplete the local circuit, which has charged the magnets 19 19.

This electrical action attracts the armature 2S, Fig. 3, bringingpau/129 against one of the forty-eight ratchet-teeth of the Wheel 30,and moves it right one tooth, Where it is held by the pawl As pawl 31 isalso attached to the same armature, its hooked end is carried over oneof the eight teeth of the ratchet-Wheel 324.

Now, as soon as the electrical connection `is\ broken by the main-linecurrents through the neutral relay 4 and the retracting of its armature14 by spring 15, then the retractingspring 34 draws the local armature2S back to its normal position, and as its lower pawl, 31, is hookedover a tooth of Wheel the latter is drawn left one tooth, (which isequal to four teeth of the Wheel 30,) Where itis held by the spring-pawl35, pivoted to the wheel 30. As stated above, the wheel 39 hasforty-eight teeth, and corresponding' to these the Wheel 3015 has on itsperiphery two blank spaces and fortysix types for printing letters, 1igui-es, and characters.

The code of characters, letters, and ligures used by me is shown below,and their order of suc-cession upon the Wheel is indicated by thefigures at their left; and the dots and dashes at their right show whatelectrical pulsations are employed to make them.

Code of single cmd double unit-pulsations of positive electricity. 1.12,. 25. z 1,.. 26. Y, 3 S, 27. U, 4 O, 28. V, C, 29. W, 6A,. 3().X, 7F,31.Z, 8.1%, 32.&, 9. H, 33. G, 34. 11. N, 35. (dasli) 12. B ank, 36. O,13.T, 37.1, 14. D, 3S.2, 15. B, 39., 16. L, 40. 4, 17. (apostrophe) 41.5, 18.K, 42. 19. J, 43.6, 20. P, 44. 7, 21.Q. 45. 8, 22. ,(comnia) 4G.9, :(colon) 47. Z5, 24. M, 4S. Blank,

I C'odc of single unit-pulsations of positive and ilegatiie electricity*2. I 2G. Y,

3. i 27. U, 4. O, 28. V,

S. A, 30. X,

7. F, 31. Z,. 8. R, &, 9. H, 3' 10. G, 34

11. N. 35 (dash) 12. Blank 36 O,

17. (apostrophe) 41. 5,

2. ,(comma) 46. 9, 23 ..2 47- 5%. I n... 24. M, 48.

?he dots in the upper part of the spaces represent pulsations ofpositive, those in the lower pulsations of negative, polarity.

IOO

' When the wheel is in normal position, the

blank space 48 is directly below the center of the wheel 30, E is nexttoward the right, as the wheel is viewed in Fig. 3 of the drawings, Isecond toward the right, and so on; hence the above partialrevolution ofthe wheels 30 and S04-that is, by a distance equal to one tooth of theformer-brings the letter E directly below the center of the wheels,where it can be impressed upon the ink-ribbon and paper below it bymeans to be fully described hereinafter.

To make 1, two pulsations like that above mentioned must be sent throughthe wire, and I will then be below the center of 30 and 30%-, ready forprinting. Now suppose the circuit-wheel to again be in its normalposition. (How it is to be brought back into such position will be shownfurther on.) lf a positive current of a longer duration than theunitpulsation above be sent from the transmitting main battery throughwire land parts inclusive, the irst operation of this current,considered as a unit-pulsation, would be to advance the circuit-wheelone tooth; but if the circuit is continued closed for another unit oftime, then the upper end of armature 14, by striking against the rightside of the local governing-escapement 39, imparts a momentum to 39 andcarries its lever left until its platinum point 63 comes into electricalcontact with the platinum point of the adjustable set-screw passingthrough the post 42%, which is secured to a non-conducting base of hardrubber, 66, attached to the top of post 40. Above operation will followonly when an electrical contact of longer duration than a singleunit-pulsation occurs,because single unit-pulsations cause the lever 39to vibrate so rapidly that no electrical contact can be made betweenplatinum point 63 and the setscrew which passes through the post 42%.This closes a local electrical circuit as follows: through wire 41directly into one of the coils of the local magnets 42, and thence intothe companion coil, thence by wire 41, connected at the metallicconnection 67% with the local battery 47, and thence to the pivotpointof the escapement, and through its lever to the contact-point. Thislocal circuit, by the armature 49, has brought the lever 50, which ispivoted to the lug 132 of the frame 75, upward until its spring-pawl 51,pivoted to the lever 50, comes in contact with one of the four pins 53.Now, as in its normal position this pawl is outside or below the circlewhose circumference passes through these four pins, the initial upmovement of lever 50 has, by its arm 54, lifted the pawl 31 from contactwith a tooth 'of the ratchet-wheel 32%, where it has been carried by theunit or initial movement of this circuit, and then the further upmovement of the' pawl 52 against pin 53 revolves both the small wheels32 and 32% and also the wheels 30 and 30% forward a distance equal toeleven teeth on the wheel 30, which would bring the twelfth characterbelow the spoke printingwheel. If another long pulsation were imparted,the wheel would be revolved twentyfour teeth, or to the letter M. So theoperations of the armature 49, which Vmove the wheels 32 and 32%forward, do so from whatever position a previous unit-pulsation has leftthem in. As soon as this circuit is broken then the retracting-spring 52draws the lever 50 and the spring-pawl 51, and consequently the armature49, back to their normal position. Now, if, instead of a long positiveelectrical pulsation accomplishing this last movement of the wheels 30and 30%, a negative unit-pulsation of electricity be sent from the mainbattery, the same result will be accomplished, as l will'now proceed toeX- plain.

The action of a negative current through the wires and posts from 1 atthe eXtreme right of Fig. 1 to 8 of the same figure is the same asbefore described in the positive eurrent, and it makes no difference howmany positive pulsations had been sent. The polarized armature 55, whichis pivoted to the permanent magnet 56 at 57, would remain restingagainst the insulated set-screw 58, but the neutral relay 4 wouldrespond to not only these positive but also to negative pulsations; butnow a negative pulsation draws the lower end of armature right, (andthis negative current, .in passing through the positive magnet 10, helpsthe movement by repelling the armature until it rests against theinsulated set-screw 59.) Then a local current passes through wire 60directly into the magnets 42, and thence by the electrical connection 67to the wire 18, and` through this to set-screw 17 and (as the maincircuit closes on the neutral relay by either polarity) to armature 14at the pivot-point 27, thence to wire 18 and to the binding-post 25,thence to local battery 23, wire 61, pivotscrew 57, back to thepolarized armature 55.

This negative unit pulsation therefore revolves the wheel 30 vone-fourthlits circumference if this wheel was in normal position at the start;but if a positive pulsation has left it in any other than normalposition, then the negative current completes a quarter-revolution.

Whenever neither positive nor negative currents are passing over themain line, then armature 14 of the neutral relay is drawn IOO IIO.

back by spring 15 against the insulated setscrew 62, and the momentumthus imparted to the governing lever-escapement 39 throws it into theposition shown in Fig. 1, with its platinum point 63 against theplatinum-tipped set-screw in post 64, which is screwed to the rubberplate 66, and now a local circuit is formed through the wire 67 into andthrough the coils of magnets 68, thence by wire to the metallicconnection 67%-, thence by wire 41 to the local battery 47, thence tothe pivot-point of 39. This charges the magnets 68 68. These attractarmature 7 3, Fig. 5, pivoted at tion view, Figs. a

71 to the frame 7 5, and its left end is thus elevated, and its hookedpawl 77, engaging a ratchet-tooth, (see section view, Fig. 5,) revolvesthis ratchet-wheel 78 one tooth. This brings one of the eight arms ofthe spoke wheel 81, Fig. 2, down upon the upper part of whatever type isto be printed. This type is forced down upon the ink-ribbon 7 0, and animprint is thus made upon the paper 80. As soon as one of the arms of 81passes oft the type its spring returns it to its normal position. Thenthe light flat springl 88, fastened to the wheel 32gand to the shaft127, throws the ratchet-wheels 32 and back, right, until the short pin85 strikes the hooked portion of the rigid arm 84. This fiat spring 83has been tightened by the previous left movement of the wheels 32 and2:3215 Atthe same time themainspring 86 of the wheel 30 that has beentightened by the right movement of this wheel, throws it left until itspin 87 strikes against the pawl 31, which cannot be depressed, becausethel arm 5i holds it up. Referring now to the secn and 5, by lifting thearmature 73 and the arm 0l, the pawl 88, by the arm 89, to which it ispivoted, draws the hooked end of pawl down against a tooth of the ringratchet-wheel 90. As the spring-pawl 89 descends, through the action ofthe lever 8811,- and its connections with the armature 7 3, thewedge-shaped projection 91 is so constructed, as shown in Fig. 5 of thedrawings, that on the downward motion of the pawl 89 it will be forcedinto contact with one of the teeth of the ratchet-wheel 00, therebymovingit in the direction of the arrow, as shown in Fig. ai, so as tobring the pin 03 (shown in Fig. 3) in contact with the projecting arm ofthe spring-pawl 35, thereby disengaging the same from the wheel 32; andit will be seen in Fig. 3 that the upward movement of the right-angledpiece of t-he armature 73 will also disengage the spring-pawl 33.Attached to 73 is the arm 01, similar to the right-angled piece abovementioned, and in such a relation to the other parts of the mechanismfor disengaging the pawl 33 as to be brought up and in contact with pawl2), thereby disengaging it at the same time from the ratchet-wheel 30,and then by the action of the flat spring 80, Fig. Li, on the type-wheel30)A it is brought back into normal position. This operation is repeateduntil a line is iinished across the paper on which the message is beingprinted. The lifting of pawl 7 7 by the armature 73 carries the lowerpawl, 05, (which is attached to the same sleeve that carries pawl 88,)left one tooth of the letter-feed ratchet 9G, as shown in sectionalview, Fig. 5; but in Fig. 3 it is carried right one tooth, so that itspawl 89 engages with a toot-l1, so that when the contact with armature14 of the governing-escape ment 30 breaks the electrical connectionbetween the platinum points 03 by the forward movement of armature let(produced by a main-line current) then the wheels are again in theirnormal position, as shown above, and

all of the pawls by their respective springs are returned to theirnormal positions, and then 'the retracting-spring 1123, Fig. 8, throwsthe armature 73 back to its normal position and pawl 77 drops belowanother tooth. This left movement of the letter-feed ratchet earries theentire paper-carriage along the supporting-bar 100. The horizontalsection of stop-arm 102, Fig. 3, drops over the teeth suecessively ofthe feed-ratchet, to prevent the weight 103, suspended by a cord overpulley 104, attached to the frame 70, from pulling the paper-carriageback.

)Vhenever the paper has been carried left to within ten teeth of itsend, then a projection, 10G, on one of the lugs 90 strikes the downprojection 11i of stop-arm 102, thus moving said stop-arm leftone-eighth of an inch, and whenever the word then being printed (whichis the last word on a line) is iinished the pin on wheel 30 strikes thestop-arm 102 and pushes it left another oneeighth of an inch. Theprojection 108 on the top of 102 is thus brought over the lug 109 uponthe pawl S1. Then when the magnets 42 act on armature 4:0, (which theyare made todo at the end of this word,) 9 lifts the lever 50, and withit 54:, which lifts pawl 31, and thus lug 109 is forced upward againstprojection 108, arm 102 is raised above ratchet-bar 9G, and the weight108 is permitted to draw the paper-carriage back to its originalposition. )Vhen the paper-carriage reaches its extreme right-handposition, the beveled lug 142 will travel up and on the surface of asimilar wedge-shaped lue', 152, and thereby advance the spring-pawl 13G,which is engaged with a tooth of the spur-wheel 110, and thus move thespur-wheels and paper forward one line. This tripping of stop-arm 102 toallow the weight 103 to carry the paper-carriage right and to revolvethe wheels 110 110 is accomplished also by four negative pulsationsthrough the main line, or by four positive dash pulsations. In eithercase the wheel 30 has been revolved its entire circumference, and thenthe pin 87 of this wheel, normally checking the back movement of thewheel by striking the pawl 31, will, when revolved the other way, comeup under the pawl 81 and lift it. `Meantime the pin 11b` (which isproperly located on wheel C30 to accomplish such purpose as thefollowing) has struck against arm 102 and moved it toward the leftonefourth of an inch; hence when pawl 81 is lifted by 87 arm 102 is alsolifted from bar 90, allowing the paper-carriage to be drawn back to itsoriginal position.

The purpose of having the escapement allow one or more teeth to escapeat a time is, that each of the forty-six characters on the type-wheelmay be brought into position for printing by using the least number ofelectrical pulsations possible, thus avoiding the necessity ef sending aseparate pulsation for each tooth of said wheel.

I will now describe more in detail the opn lOO eration of bringing theletters and characters on wheel 30g` into position for printing. Byreferringto the codes, the order of succession of the letters andcharacters therein on the wheel 305, and the normal position of saidwheel, all shown above, the explanation following will be intelligible.

The letters E, I, S, O, and C in both codes are brought into positionfor printing by transmitting, respectively, one, two, three, four, andfive single unit-pulsations of positive polarity,which advance wheel 30toward the right one to five teeth respectively, wheel 305- of course moving with it.

The letter A is brought into position for printing in the followingmanner: A single unit pulsation of positive polarity being transmitted,wheel 30 advances one tooth, Wheel 32 turning with it. The circuit beingthen broken, spring 34 retracts armature 28, and with it pawl 31, whichAturns wl1eel32 left a space -corresponding to six teeth of wheel 30; butwheel 32 having turned toward the right with wheel 30' any point in theformer-as pin 53, for exam plewill be back of its original position aspace corresponding to ve teeth of wheel 30. NOW sending a doubleunit-pulsation of positive polarity, its first half will produce acurrent through magnets 19, arlnature 28 will be drawn toward the right,and wheel 30 will be thus turned forward one tooth. Pin 53 will then beback of its original position a space corresponding to four teeth ofwheel 30, the pulsation continuing through the second half of itsduration, the left platinum point 63 of lever` 39 is brought intocontact with the set-screw passing through post 42%-, and thus a currentof electricity is sent through magnets 42. These attract armature 49,which, moving upward, carries with it lever 50, arm 54, and pawl 51. Arm54 lifts pawl 31 from contact with the teeth of wheel 32, and pawl 51moves up to pin 53 and carries it upward till the pawl passes out of thecircle in which the pin moves, having thus carried the pin through aspace corresponding to four teeth of wheel 30; hence A, being on thesixth space of Wheel 30, will now be in position for printing. How theact of printing is accomplished has beenfully explained above.

The letter vF is brought into position for printing by repeating theoperation for the letter A and then imparting, in addition, a singleunit-pulsation of positive polarity, and the letters R, I-I, G, and Nare produced in like manner-that is, by adding such a pulsa-v tion aftereach letter to make the next.

Corresponding to the twelfth tooth on wheel 30 there is a blank spaceinstead of a character. To bring this over the printing-point a doubleunit-pulsation of positive polarity is transmitted. The initial impulseof this sends a current through magnets 19. Thus armature 28 isattracted and wheel 30 is advanced one tooth and pin 53 a correspondingdistance; but the final impulse causes a current to pass through magnets42, as shown above, arma` ture 49 is drawn upward, lifting lever 50, arm54, and pawl 51,thus carrying pin 53 through a distance corresponding toeleven teeth of Wheel 30..

The letters T, D, B, L, and the apostrophe C) are brought into positionfor printing by repeating the aboveoperation and then 4adding one, two,three, four, and five single unitpulsations of positive polarity,respectively.

The. method ofv reaching the characters K to the colon (z) is obvious.The letter M is opposite to the twenty-fourth tooth on wheel 30. It isbrought into position for printing by repeating twice the operation forproducing the blank space. The period, Y, U, V, and W are brought intoposition for printing by adding, respectively, one, two, three, four,and ve single unit-pulsations of positive polarity to the pulsationsrequired to produce the letter M.

The letter X is brought into position for printing by repeating theoperation for the letter M and adding thereto the operationY requiredfor the letter A.

The letter Z and the characters and, (&,) parenthesis, O) and and dashare brought into position for printing by adding, respectively, one,two, three, four, and ve single unit-pulsations of positive polarity to,

the operation required for the letter X.

The 'method of producing the remaining characters is now too obvious torequire further explanation.

IOO

The method of producing the letters and.

characters by the code of single unit-pulsations of positive or negativepolarity is the same as that above described, the pulsation of negativepolarity being substituted for the double unit-pulsation of positivepolarity.

In utilizing my invention I do not Want to -be restricted to theemployment of the particular telegraphic vocabulary set forthhereinbefore, nor do I want to be restricted to the use of a wheel withexactly forty-eight.

teeth. Other vocabularies may be formed and wheels with teeth suitablefor the use of such vocabularies to utilize all the essential elementsof my invention. Neither do I wish to be restricted to the eight teethat equal distances apart on the smaller ratchet-wheel, nor to the fourpins thereon, as by changing these parts any combination may be adopted.

Havingihus described my invention, whatI claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a telegraphic printing-machine, the adj ustment-post 40, incombination with the adj ustment-posts 42% and 64, the lever-escapement39, the set-screws 17 and 62, and the retracting-spring 15,substantially as and for the purposes specified.

2. In a telegraphic printing-machine,'the wire 67, in combination withthe adjustmentpost 64, the magnets 68, the electrical connection 675,the local battery 47, the wire 41, the lever-escapement 39, the armature14, the

IIO

spring 15, and the insulated set-screw G2, substantially as and for thepurposes specified.

In a telegraphic printing-machine, the wire 13, in combination with theset-screw 17, the magnets 10, the local battery 23, the binding-post 25,the armature 1l, the wire 13, the set-screw 53, the armature 55, thewire 61,thc positive magnet 10 of the polarized relay, and the neutralrelay 4, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

1. In a telegraphic printing-machine, the wire 4l, in combination withthe lever-escapement 3Q, the local battery 47, the magnets 42, the ad justnient-post 42g-, the wire 60, the insulated adjustment-post 50, thearmature 55, the wire fil, the local battery 23, the-wire 13, thebinding-post 25, the armature 14, the negative magnet 3 of the polarizedrelay, and the neutral relay 4e, substantially as and for the purposesspecified.

5. In a telegraphic printing-machine, the ratchet-wheel 30, slotted atthe point Q2 and having forty-eight teeth equally distant from eachother, which engage with the springpawls 20 and 33, in combination withthe pawls 35 and the wheel 30%-, bearing on its periphery forty-sixtype-characters for printing, said wheels revolving on the shaft127,fixed in the vertical frame 75, substantially as and for the purposesspecified.

U. In a telegraphic printing-machine, the type-wheel 30%-, incombination with the coiled spring 36, attached to the shaft 127, thering ratchet-wheel 90, and the ratchet-wheel 30, substantially as andfor the purposes specified.

7. In a telegraphic printing-machine, the ring ratchet-wheel 00, havingforty-eight teeth correspon din g to those of Wheel 30 and which engagewith the pawl 30, in combination with the three slotted lugs 153 and thewheel 309,-, substantially as and for the purposes specified. h

3. In a telegraphic printing-machine, the ratchet-wheel 32-. havingeight teeth, in coinbination with the spring 33, attached to the shaft127, and with the ratchet-wheel32, having eight corresponding teethwhich engage with the pawl 35, said wheels revolving on shaft 127,substantially as and for the Durposes specified.

0. In a telegraphic printii'ig-machine, the combination of armature 23,magnet 10, pawl 31, spring 31, and the ratchet-wheel 30, engaging withthe pawl 20, which revolves said Wheel one tooth at a time, said wheelbearing on its side the pawl 35, engaging with ratchetwheel 32,connected with ratchet-wheel 32g-, which revolves wheel 30 eight teethat a time, as hereinbefore shown.

10. In a telegraphic printing-machine, the

lever 50, in combination with the armature 49, the lug 132, extendingfrom the frame 75, the spring-pawl 51, engaging with the pin 53 on wheel329,-, and the retracting-spring 52, substantially as and for thepurposes specified.

11. In a telegraphic printing-machine, the

stop-armY 102, normally resting across the ratchet-bar 06, having adepending branch, 114, the arm continuing upward as a bent lever aroundthe wheel and above the projection 100 on the pawl 31, bent near itsupper end at right angles twice and terminating in a wedge-shapedprojection extending horizontally over pawl 31, said arm 102 beingslotted, and in4 combination with the frame 75 at the point 143,substantially as and for the purposes specified.

12. In a telegraphic printing-machine, the armature 73, pivoted at thepoint 74 to the frame 75, and attracted by the magnets 63 63 when alocal current of electricity is passing through them, in combinationwith the crossbar 32, pivoted at one end to the hooked springpawl 7 7which engages with the ratchet-wheel 7 3, and at the other end to thelink-bar 33, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

13. In a telegraphic printing-machine, the stub-shaft 7 3%-, havingbearings in the frame 75, in combination with the ratchet-wheel 73 andthe spoke-wheel 31, which impinges upon the type-bearing plates 129,substantially as and for the purposes specified.

14. In a telegraphic printing-machine, the sleeved lever 335- upon thestub-shaft 732-, in combination with the link-bar 33, and the hookedpawl 30, engaging with the teeth of the wheel 90, and having on it awedge-shaped projection corresponding to and in contact with the likeprojection on the bar 01, fasten ed to the horizontal frame 7 6,substantially as and for the purposes specified.

15. In a telegraphic printing-machine, the lugs 90, slotted on theirinner faces to receive the sides of the sheet of paper to be printed onand apertured to pass over the bar 100, supported by the screws 101,passing into it through the frame 7 G, in combination With theratchet-bar 96 and the socket-sleeves 152, which receive the screws 151,substantially as and for the purposes specified.

16. In a telegraphic printing-machine, substantially as described, thecombination of the magnet 42, armature 4:9, lever 50 and its verticalarm 54, pawl 31, arm 107 and its proj ection 103, arm 102, ratchet-bar9G, lugs 99,Weight 103, pawl 05, and wheels 73, as and for the purposesstated.

17. In a telegraphic printing-machine, the ratchet-Wheel 7 3, incombination with the paWl 95 and the stub-shaft 7 3%, and engaging withthe pawl 7 7, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

13. In a telegraphic-printing machine, the combination of the armature73, pivoted to the frame 75 below the magnets 63 63, the lever 32,resting on said armature, the pawl 7 7, pivoted to said lever andengaging With ratchet-Wheel 73, pivoted on stub-shaft 33%, the pawl 05,pivoted on the sleeve 7 3lof Wheel 73 and engaging with the ratchet-bar9G, the stub-shaft 33t, pivoted to link-arm 33 and to pawl 30, theratchet-ring 90, loosely secured IOO IIO

.by screws passing through its slots 15S to Wheel 30%, and the pin 93,rigidly secured to said Wheel and passing through slot 92 in Wheel 30directly beneath the upper arm of paWl 35, substantially as and for thepurposes specified.

19. In a telegraphic printing-machine, the stub-shaft 885-, incombination with the linkarrn 88, the ratchet-Wheel 78, and thespringpawl 89,Which engages with the ratchet-Wheel E011 substantially asand for the purposes speci- 20. In a telegraphic printing-machine, theshaft 112, in combination with the lugs 99, the spur-Wheels 110, theWeight 103, and the pivoted lever 135, substantially as and for thepurposes specified.

2l. In a telegraphic printing-machine, the pivoted lever 135, bearingthe Wedge-shaped piece 142 at one of its ends, which piece slides up ona corresponding Wedge-shaped piece, 154, fastened to the frame 76, incombination at above end With the spring-pawl 136, engaging With theteeth of one of the spur-Wheels 110, and at the other end in combinationWith the spiral spring 137, fastened to the lug 99,

substantially as and for the purpose specified.

22. In a telegraphic printing-machine, the spring 159, secured at loneend to the bottom of that lug 99 which is nearest to the Weight 103, incombination with a small lug notched in its upper face to receive atooth of Wheel 110, said notch being made shallow and spring elasticenough to permit the said Wheel to revolve, as shown.

23. In the paper-carriage of a telegraphic printing-machine, the lever135, pivoted on the shaft 112 near one of the lugs 99, carrying fixed toit at one end the spring-pawl 136 in contact with a tooth of. Wheel 110,and carrying the beveled piece 142 at this end to slide up on thebeveled end of arm 154, fixed rigidly to the frame 76, thus partlyrevolving the 'Wheel 110 on the return of the paper-carriage after theprinting of a line and automatically moving the paper forward for theprinting of a new line, substantially as shown.

ZEROY P. HOTCHKISS.

Witnesses:

E. C. CRAWFORD, W. C. CoRLIEs.

